1	PLAGIARISM Strategies for addressing and preventing plagiarism. Content includes workshop brainstorm results from 11/30/04. Karen Michaelsen, Seattle Central Community College Library ©2004
2	Plagiarism Defined: "To appropriate the writings, graphic representations or ideas of another person and represent them as one's own (that is, without proper attribution). Plagiarism is a form of intellectual property violation." http://www.artlex.com/
3	War Stories Brainstorm Briefly describe your worst case of plagiarism: (workshop responses) Entire papers submitted which do not reflect ‘voice’ of student’s writing Incorporating web content and reworded it or just copy & paste with successive changes of voice. ESL students taught about plagiarism, but do it anyway. Faculty spent too much time trying to track down ‘sources’ on the internet or in print Online students copy from web frequently Students copying from others’ tests Student bought teachers edition and used answer keys
4	War Stories, continued… Students copying from others’ homework Student cheating destroys environment of trust in classroom Cultural aspect: may think sharing information is ok Students lift technical language verbatim from articles Students fabricate data Faculty victim of plagiarism (someone else publishing their work) Professors who cheat set a bad example Forged signatures Recent rash of plagiarism: need to educate students about ethics of information
5	Detection Services There ARE tools to catch cheaters: EVE Plagiarism Detection System (This is a viable option for individual faculty.) Turnitin.com (This is a subscription service for individual faculty or an entire institution.) Link to Turnitin.com from this sample report: http://plagiarism.org/sample.html# … then you need to know …
6	What to do if you catch a cheater? Seattle Central’s Student Conduct Code prohibits: Academic dishonesty, including cheating and plagiarism. Student Handbook SCCC 2004-2005 If you need to discipline a student for cheating: Try to resolve it with the student first, if this doesn’t work – you can fail the student on the assignment, but not the course. File a Student Conduct Incident Report
7	Do faculty want to be police? Cheating students cheat themselves. We want our students to develop: Self-responsibility Critical thinking Information literacy Ethical behavior http://www.seattlecentral.org/sccc/outcomes.php
8	Cheating subverts learning How can we prevent it? Teach students we expect original work Develop assignments that make it hard to cheat
9	What can we do? Teach students to avoid plagiarism: http://sja.ucdavis.edu/avoid.htm Communicate expectations Include language on the course syllabus Develop a contract which asks students to affirm they will comply
10	Prevention brainstorm How could you change your assignment to prevent cheating? (Workshop results) Complex assignments make it harder to cheat Connect to topics in class or readings Ask students to incorporate local data Choose an obscure example for writing Use grading schemes to discourage cheating: Give more weight to in-class work, quizzes or tests Grade on writing ‘voice,’ is voice consistent? Grade on successful steps in process leading to a final product
11	Prevention brainstorm continued Use narrow topic options or assign specific topics Require a research proposal, outline, draft, final paper Require thesis and annotated bibliography as a first step for a longer paper Ask students to practice recognizing the author’s voice Start by having students write an annotation for a research article to articulate in their own words the ideas contained in the article Ask students to photocopy or print the first page for each of the sources they use Start from a known source and ask students to respond
12	More Solutions… Show a film ABC’s Big Cheats on Campus to start a conversation with students about academic integrity Work with colleagues to establish ‘culture of integrity’ on campus. Confer with students about cheating and use oportunity as a ‘teachable moment’ Give incomplete. Allow a rewrite (or not).
13	1. Promote culture of integrity Academic integrity should be a campus value. Work with your colleagues to develop a culture of academic integrity. http://www.academicintegrity.org/ Students who see others cheat and get away with it are more likely to do likewise.
14	2. Promote Information Literacy The standards for information literacy include: “The information literate student understands many of the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information and accesses and uses information ethically and legally.” (Standard 5 http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlstandards/informationliteracycompetency.htm#stan)
15	3. Design Effective Assignments Make it hard to cheat; ask students to: Respond to an article, essay, or book Relate a concept to their own experience Compare ideas or concepts in different sources Write in class first, then find information to support or challenge their assumptions Create an annotated list of sources for review before they write …
16	4. Work with your librarian Learn what the library can do for you NSCC http://dept.sccd.ctc.edu/nslib/faculty.htm#Division SCCC http://dept.sccd.ctc.edu/cclib/For_Faculty/liaisons.asp SSCC http://dept.seattlecolleges.com/sslib/services.html#staff Librarians can help with research assignment design and resources Do we have what your students need?
17	5. It’s not just about writing… So you don’t teach writing? Students are creative, but so are you! Work with faculty in your subject area to develop strategies for subject-specific circumstances.
18	Resources for teaching American Library Association – resources on plagiarism Center for Academic Integrity – promote values of academic integrity on campus Stanford University Library – resources on copyright and fair use guidelines Plagiarism.org – research resources for students and teachers