LIB101 - Introduction to Information Resources

Reference Tools

ENCYCLOPEDIA
Covers knowledge or branches of knowledge in a comprehensive, but summary fashion; useful for providing facts and giving a broad survey of a topic; important assets are the expertise and authority of its contributing writers and a simplified format and arrangement of information. 
DICTIONARY
Contains a selection of the words of a language or discipline, usually alphabetically arranged, giving information about their meanings, pronunciations, etymologies, forms and other usage. Identification and verification of spelling and pronunciation are the most common uses for a dictionary.
CHRONOLOGY
Lists events in order of their occurrence. Chronologies may be general, or they may focus on a time or subject. Some chronologies include indexes to the content, while others are simply a date by date list of events.
YEARBOOK/ALMANAC
Often used for the same purpose - to review events and/or developments of a given year by country or subject area. Brief compilation of specific facts.
HANDBOOK
Gives a brief survey of a subject - sometimes serves as a how-to-do-it manual.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Lists sources of information on a given subject - an indirect reference tool.
INDEX
Indirect finding tool for the contents of journals, magazines and newspapers, material in collections, and for even more specific categories of information.
DIRECTORY
Lists addresses and affiliations for individuals, and addresses, officers, functions and similar data for organizations.
BIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES 
Provide information about the lives of people - appear in a variety of formats and levels of subject coverage: factual data or evaluative essay, comprehensive or selective, current or retrospective, every need is satisfied.
GEOGRAPHICAL SOURCES
Atlases and maps are the main source of geographical information, covering questions on physical, political, historical, economic divisions of the earth, and sometimes extending to queries on earth in its larger context of space and the related area of astronomy. Gazetteers and guidebooks are the "dictionary" and "encyclopedia" of "places".
STATISTICAL SOURCES
Offer important factual information that can support an argument - concerned with the collection, classification, analysis and interpretation of numerical facts or data.